It has been apparent in recent years the increase of certain types of indigenous birds in North America and after years of study, the rock solid connections have been concluded upon as to why there has been such large increases since 1980’s. Species such as the grasshopper sparrow, Eastern meadowlark and other types of birds indigenous to North America have been thriving and Canadian scientists have connected the dots back to the BSE outbreak in the United Kingdom and across Europe.
This is one of the first traceable examples of the “butterfly effect”, where thousands of miles between one event and another seem to be unconnected at first but actually have a direct effect on each other. Although it’s not quite the same as a butterfly flapping its wings causing a hurricane half way round the world, but it is one example that shows the interconnecting relationship of globalisation, socioeconomics and the delicate ecological patterns.
A study carried out by researchers at the Trent University in Peterborough have recorded the step-by-step processes that have led to the population spikes of various types of birds in Canada and how a disaster for European agribusiness turned out to be a boom for species like the Grasshopper Sparrow.
It all started with the outbreak of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in the UK and Europe leading to a huge cull of cattle herds and a ban on beef exports from Europe. The fact we are connected the world over through globalisation meant the demand for beef could be met through exports from Canada and America.
This ultimately led to a decrease of herd sizes in the regions, so the demand for hay to feed cows was greatly reduced. Reduced hay harvesting meant the land that the birds thrive in was not needed for quite some time which gave birds such as the sage wren, Eastern meadowlark and grasshopper sparrow started to thrive from the greater nesting opportunities from the grasslands that were left uncut.
The study described how responsive the increase in the bird life around the northern America and Canada was to the BSE outbreak in Europe. The spike in population took around three years after the outbreak with the responsive species, but other species in the study have clear population increases that can be attributed to mad cows disease.
Trent wildlife biologist, Joe Nocera claimed the idea for the study came from an observation he made years ago when studying the bird population at Nova Scotia farm. He monitored the increase of a local bird community as the farmer sold more cows than usual and therefore harvested less hay. “I wanted to see if this is just a one off occurrence or if it would be detectable at a broad continental scale”.
This type of effect is just one example that has managed to be correlated to an event in a region far away from the source. Although making many attempts not to conclude a definite “causation” we can take from the study that our actions do have a relatively immediate effect on the socioeconomic systems that have taken millennia to develop.
Andy works enjoys his time travel blogging and recently found himself staring into the Canadian Sky bird watching on his Canadian Holiday, follow his other musings on twitter @andym23